linear_equality_scales

Characteristic values to scale linear equalities

Topics

linear_constraints

Specification

  • Alias: None

  • Arguments: REALLIST

  • Default: vector values = 1 . (no scaling)

Description

Each real value in linear_equality_scales is a nonzero characteristic value to be used in scaling each constraint. They only have effect when the associated method specifies scaling.

This keyword is required for variables-linear_equality_scale_types of ‘value’ and optional for ‘auto’.

If a single real value is specified it will apply to all linear equality constraints. Otherwise the number of values should be equal to the number of linear equalities.

Scaling for linear constraints is applied after any continuous variable scaling.

For example, for variable scaling on continuous design variables x:

\[\tilde{x}^j = \frac{x^j - x^j_O}{x^j_M}\]

we have the following system for linear inequality constraints

\[a_L \leq A_i x \leq a_U\]
\[a_L \leq A_i \left( \mathrm{diag}(x_M) \tilde{x} + x_O \right) \leq a_U\]
\[a_L - A_i x_O \leq A_i \mathrm{diag}(x_M) \tilde{x} \leq a_U - A_i x_O\]
\[\tilde{a}_L \leq \tilde{A}_i \tilde{x} \leq \tilde{a}_U\]

and user-specified or automatically computed scaling multipliers are appplied to this final transformed system, which accounts for continuous design variable scaling. When automatic scaling is in use for linear constraints they are linearly scaled by a computed characteristic value, but not affinely to [0,1].

See the scaling information under specific methods, e.g., method-*-scaling for details on how to use this keyword.